- 革兰氏染色法 gélánshìrǎnsèfǎ Gram stainGram stain; a laboratory method used to distinguish between two major groups of bacteria based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls
- 革兰氏阴性 gélánshìyīnxìng Gram-negativeDescribing bacteria that do not retain the violet stain used in the Gram stain test, often associated with higher resistance to antibiotics.