Military service performed by citizens who are not currently on active duty but remain available for call-up in a state of readiness; a key method for a nation to maintain its military reserves.

The military forces kept back during combat to handle emergencies, unexpected situations, or to be used for strategic maneuvers; reserves

A period of time for testing or observation of a person before they are fully accepted or confirmed

Money set aside in a budget to cover unforeseen expenses or budget shortfalls

a group of senior opposition spokespeople who mirror the positions of the current government cabinet

a member of the military reserve troops; military personnel on reserve duty

A school designed to prepare students for college or a higher level of education

background knowledge or preparatory knowledge required for a task; prerequisite knowledge

preparatory meeting; preliminary conference