- 马克思主义哲学 mǎkèsīzhǔyìzhéxué Marxist philosophythe philosophical system founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, including dialectical and historical materialism
- 马克思主义辩证法 mǎkèsīzhǔyìbiànzhèngfǎ Marxist dialecticsMarxist dialectical method, which considers the world as a complex of processes and is used to analyze social development and natural phenomena