Placed after a time or action to mean "before", "prior to", or "ago".

Placed after a time or event to indicate a later point in time or a following position in space.

In the space or relationship separating two things; between or among.

one of something; one out of a group or a multitude

inside; among; in the midst of a group or range

The area or range beyond a certain limit or boundary

Used at the end of a list to mean things of that kind, and so on, or such like

(bound form) under; below; beneath; less than; not more than

Used in the first part of a sentence to state a result, while the second part explains the cause, often paired with [[是因为|是因為|shi4 yin1 wei4]].

in a word; in brief; used to summarize what has been said before

a specific feature, aspect, or point of something, often used to denote a shared characteristic or a notable quality

inside a certain space, time, or range

(bound form) at the moment when; during the time of

(bound form) used after a noun to indicate a position physically on top of or above something

To call something by a certain name; to be known as

one third; one part out of three

apart from this; in addition to this; besides this

on the other hand; conversely; used to introduce a situation or meaning that is the opposite of what was just mentioned

beforehand; previously; before this time

one-quarter; a fourth

two-thirds; two parts out of three

a hundred percent; the full amount

(idiom) a matter of immediate urgency; a task that requires the most pressing attention

not easily come by; won through great effort or struggle

(bound form) to the highest degree; used after two-syllable adjectives to mean "extremely" or "to the utmost"

effective when put into practice; (of methods or measures) proven to work; tried and true

unhealthy tendency; harmful social style or atmosphere, especially referring to corruption or the misuse of power

(idiom) to supersede; to take the place of; to usurp someone's position

fears of trouble in the rear or at home; worries for the future or consequences that prevent one from acting freely; often used in the negative to mean having no such worries

A small but recognized place or role within a particular field, market, or society

to punish someone according to the law; to prosecute or bring a criminal to justice

fully deserve a title, honor, or praise without any reservations; to be entirely worthy of a certain reputation

to pursue unremittingly; to have the persistence to see something through to the end

in the course of time; over a long period of time

in other words; to put it another way; used to express something from a different perspective or logical angle

The ancient network of trade routes connecting China with Central Asia, Africa, and Europe, famously used for transporting silk and other goods.

(idiom) groundless talk; sheer nonsense; a story with no basis in fact

(idiom) to pay no heed to something; to brush aside or refuse to acknowledge

to come as no surprise; in accordance with expectations or predictions

contrary to expectation; happening in a way that was not anticipated

in a word; in brief; to sum it up. Used as a transition to summarize or explain the main point. Equivalent to [[总之|總之|zong3 zhi1]].

Used as a suffix referring to a specific category of people or things, often used with a negative or dismissive tone to mean "people like that" or "that sort of person"

a bit of help; a helping hand

To establish oneself in an unassailable position; to remain undefeated.

one tenth; ten percent

a person with breadth of vision, knowledge, and experience; someone with insight and foresight

To follow in order after something else mentioned, often in terms of size, quality, or importance; to take second place.

to settle a matter by leaving it unresolved; to let a problem end up with no definite result or action; to leave a difficult situation as-yet-unfinished task aside and simply ignore it

Exactly what one has been looking for; a situation where an outcome one was hoping for finally happens or is offered unexpectedly; most welcome