a polite term for an old woman or man

a family with a good reputation, social standing, or financial situation, often used in the context of marriage for a woman

women (in general)

a man (as opposed to a woman)

woman (derogatory)

to be thrifty or economical in managing a household

referring to a family that is wealthy and influential in society.

family of a functionary (i.e. educated middle class in Qing times)

One is partial to or unable to speak out against those from whom one has accepted favors or gifts.