- 司马迁 Sīmǎ Qiān Sima QianSima Qian (145-86 BC), Han Dynasty historian, author of Records of the Grand Historian [[史记|史記|Shi3 ji4]], known as the father of Chinese historiography
- 司马懿 Sīmǎ Yì Sima YiSima Yi (179-251), warlord under Cao Cao and subsequently founder of the Jin dynasty
- 大司马 dàsīmǎ Grand Marshalan ancient Chinese high-ranking government official position, typically in charge of military affairs
- 司马光 Sīmǎ Guāng Sima GuangSima Guang (1019-1086), politician and historian of Northern Song, author of Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government
- 司马昭 Sīmǎ Zhāo Sima ZhaoSima Zhao (211-265), military general and statesman of Cao Wei [[曹魏|曹魏|Cao2 Wei4]]
- 司马炎 Sīmǎ Yán Sima YanSima Yan (236–290), founder and first emperor (265–290) of the Western Jin dynasty [[西晋|西晉|Xi1 Jin4]], posthumous name [[晋|晉|Jin4]][[武|武|wu3]][[帝|帝|di4]]
- 司马昭之心路人皆知 Sīmǎ Zhāozhīxīnlùrénjiēzhī open secretsomeone's hidden intentions or ill ambitions are so obvious that they are known to everyone
- 司马法 Sīmǎ Fǎ Methods of Simaone of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China, also called “Sima Rangju’s Art of War”, written by Sima Rangju
- 司马辽太郎 Sīmǎ Liáotàiláng Shiba RyotarōJapanese author of historical novels (1923-1996)
- 司马谈 Sīmǎ Tán Sima TanSima Tan (-110 BC), Han dynasty scholar and historian, and father of Sima Qian
- 司马穰苴 Sīmǎ Rángjū Sima RangjuSima Rangju (c. 800 BC), military strategist of the Qi State and author of “Methods of Sima”, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China
- 司马承帧 Sīmǎ Chéngzhēn Sima ChengzhenSima Chengzhen (655-735), Tang dynasty Daoist priest
- 易司马仪 Yìsīmǎyí IsmailA common transliterated name for Ismail.