the wife of a head of state or head of government

polite and respectful way to refer to another person's wife

(historical) A favorite consort of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty; she was a famous dancer and singer, sister of the musician [[李延年|李延年|li3 yan2 nian2]], and posthumously honored as an empress.

To suffer a double loss or a total failure after trying to trick someone; to lose twice over while trying to gain an advantage.

(polite) respectful way to address or refer to a male friend's wife

the wife of a bandit or outlaw leader; often used in traditional fiction for a woman kidnapped and forced into such a marriage

Slavs; the Slavic people, characterized as speaking Indo-European Slavic languages and primarily living in Eastern Europe

Wei Furen (272–349); famous female calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, also known as Wei Shuo; she was a disciple of [[钟繇|鍾繇|zhong1 yao2]] and is traditionally regarded as the teacher of [[王羲之|王羲之|wang2 xi1 zhi1]]

The favorite concubine of Emperor [[刘邦|劉邦|liu2 bang1]], founder of the Han Dynasty; she is historically known for her rivalry with Empress [[吕后|呂後|lu:3 hou4]] and her brutal execution where she was mutilated into a so-called human pig.

The wife of a bandit leader or the head of a mountain stronghold.

(archaic) concubine; also referred to as [[小妻|小妻|xiao3 qi1]]

Maria Sklodowska-Curie (1867-1934), pioneering scientist and Nobel laureate in both physics and chemistry.

Maria Skłodowska-Curie or Marie Curie (1867–1934), the Polish-born French physicist and chemist who was a Nobel laureate in both physics (1903) and chemistry (1911)

the wife of a bandit chieftain or a woman forcibly taken as a wife by a mountain outlaw leader

Ancient Indian queen and biological mother of the Buddha; also known as [[摩诃摩耶|摩訶摩耶|mo2 he1 mo2 ye2]], she passed away seven days after the birth of the Buddha.

Margaret Thatcher (1925–2013), British Conservative politician and Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990.

the wife of a bandit leader or mountain stronghold chief

Marie Tussaud (1761–1850), the French artist known for her wax sculptures who founded the wax museum that bears her name.

A mythological water spirit; in Chinese folklore, she is identified as [[女英|女英|nu:3 ying1]], the daughter of Emperor Yao and wife of Emperor Shun, who drowned herself in the Xiang River after Shun's death.

the wife of a baron; a woman holding the title of baron in her own right

Cylindrical, hollow frame made of woven bamboo strips used in bed during the summer to cool the body by allowing air to circulate; used as an armrest or footrest

Consort of Emperor Wang Jian of Former Shu (c. 883–926), also known as Consort Shu or the Younger Consort Xu, recognized for her beauty and literary interest during the Five Dynasties period

The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought; an honorary award for individuals or groups who have dedicated their lives to the defense of human rights and freedom of thought

The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, an honorary award for individuals or groups who have dedicated their lives to the defense of human rights and freedom of thought.

Puccini opera about a tragic romance between a Japanese woman and an American naval officer

to lose one's bait along with the fish; to lose one's investment or strategy and suffer additional setbacks on top of that; literally to lose the lady and the soldiers

A prominent Taoist goddess and folk deity, also known as [[陈靖姑|陳靖姑|chen2 jing4 gu1]], revered as a protector of pregnant women and infants. Legend says she was a priestess in the late Tang or Five Dynasties period who died at twenty-four after a ritual to end a drought, and was later granted titles such as Madam Linshui and Mother of Heaven by imperial decree.

Lady Macbeth, the character from Shakespeare's play Macbeth

the wife or widow of a count or an earl; a woman with the same rank in her own right

a woman holding the rank of marquise or the wife of a marquis

duchess; the wife of a duke or a woman holding the rank of duke in her own right

A woman who is a man's secret lover or extramarital partner; synonym for [[情妇|情婦|qing2 fu4]]

(honorific) a polite way to address or refer to someone else's mother

(literary) used to describe someone obtaining an official position or social status through the influence or connections of their wife or her relatives

(literary) concubine; a polite way to refer to another person's secondary wife or mistress, meaning "as a wife"; also called [[如君|如君|ru2 jun1]]

an inferior person attempting to take the position of a superior, but failing to carry it off naturally

Originally referring to a maidservant trying to act like the mistress of the house; used to mock someone of low status or poor skill attempting to imitate their superiors, specifically in calligraphy or behavior.

the wife or widow of a viscount; a woman holding the rank of viscount in her own right