- 祖父母 zǔfùmǔ paternal grandparentspaternal grandparents; grandfather and grandmother on the father's side
- 父母亲 fùmǔqīn parentsfather and mother; parents
- 养父母 yǎngfùmǔ foster parentsparents who have adopted or are raising a child who is not their biological offspring
- 亲生父母 qīnshēngfùmǔ biological parentsone's natural or birth parents as distinguished from adoptive parents
- 父母官 fùmǔguān local official(literary) father-mother official; a term used in former times to refer to a local magistrate or the head of a prefecture or county
- 衣食父母 yīshífùmǔ bread and butterthose on whom one depends for a livelihood, such as customers to a business person or an audience to a performer
- 再生父母 zàishēngfùmǔ great benefactorone's great benefactor; specifically someone who has saved one's life, as if giving birth to them a second time
- 父母之邦 fùmǔzhībāng motherlandone's native country; mother country; homeland
- 重生父母 chóngshēngfùmǔ saviorone who has saved your life or provided a profound favor, as if giving you life a second time; often refers to a life-saving benefactor
- 父母佛 fùmǔfó devas of pleasurebuddhist deity figures depicted as a couple in sexual union, representing the union of wisdom and compassion
- 父母双亡 fùmǔshuāngwáng to be orphanedto have lost both one's parents; to be bereaved of both father and mother
- 父母国 fùmǔguó motherlandThe country of one's birth; one's native land or homeland.
- 父母子女 fùmǔzǐnǚ parents and childrenparents and their children; refers to the closest direct blood relatives in a family
- 生父母 shēngfùmǔ biological parentsbiological parents; natural parents
- 继父母 jìfùmǔ stepparents
- 父母之命，媒妁之言 fùmǔzhīmìngméishuòzhīyán command of parents and words of matchmakers(idiom) refers to the traditional practice where a marriage must be decided by the parents and arranged through a matchmaker
- 代替父母 dàitìfùmǔ in place of parentsacting in the place of one's parents; specifically used in legal contexts to refer to someone with parental responsibilities
- 在家靠父母，出外靠朋友 zàijiākàofùmǔchūwàikàopéngyou at home rely on parents, away from home rely on friends(proverb) one depends on one's parents when at home, and on one's friends when away from home
- 在家靠父母，出门靠朋友 zàijiākàofùmǔchūménkàopéngyou one relies on parents at home and friends abroadat home one depends on one's parents, but when away from home one depends on friends; emphasizes the importance of social connections
- 外祖父母 wàizǔfùmǔ maternal grandparentsmaternal grandparents; mother's parents
- 天下父母心 tiānxiàfùmǔxīn the hearts of parents everywherethe universal love, care, and concern that parents across the world have for their children
- 岳父母 yuèfùmǔ parents-in-lawwife's parents; father-in-law and mother-in-law
- 恩同父母 ēntóngfùmǔ as deep as parental kindnessDescribes a debt of gratitude or a kindness received that is as profound and significant as the care parents provide for their children
- 曾祖父母 zēngzǔfùmǔ great-grandparentsone's great-grandfather and great-grandmother
- 义父母 yìfùmǔ adoptive parentsadoptive parents; parents by adoption
